📋 Case Study

Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) Process Design for Caffeine Recovery

Low selectivity and high CO₂ consumption due to poor phase behavior prediction

🏗️ Project Overview

Pharmaceutical-grade caffeine extraction from spent coffee grounds in Colombia

🎯 Challenge

Low selectivity and high CO₂ consumption due to poor phase behavior prediction

🔧 Design Approach

Peng-Robinson + van der Waals mixing rules calibrated to experimental solubility data

📐 Design Diagram

SFE Process Design: Caffeine Recovery Low selectivity High CO₂ consumption Poor phase behavior prediction Peng-Robinson EOS + van der Waals mixing rules Solubility Enhancement 127× Critical Mixture Pressure Pc,mix = 8.9 MPa Pc,mix = Σxi·Pc,i + kij·xi·xj CO₂

AI-generated project design illustration

📐 Key Calculations

Solubility Enhancement Factor

y_CO₂·P / P_sat
Result: 127×
Quantifies supercritical advantage over liquid solvent

Critical Mixture Pressure

P_c_mix = Σx_i·P_c_i + k_ij·x_i·x_j
Result: 8.9 MPa
Defines minimum operating pressure

📊 Results

Selectivity increased from 4.2× to 19.7×, CO₂ usage reduced by 63%, purity >99.95 wt% achieved

💡 Lessons Learned

  • Binary interaction parameters (k_ij) must be regressed from ternary (CO₂–caffeine–water) data
  • Joule–Thomson cooling effects required explicit enthalpy path modeling

Key Takeaways

  • 1Binary interaction parameters (k_ij) must be regressed from ternary (CO₂–caffeine–water) data
  • 2Joule–Thomson cooling effects required explicit enthalpy path modeling