📋 Case Study

Ammonia Synthesis Loop Optimization at BASF Ludwigshafen

Thermodynamic equilibrium limiting single-pass conversion to ~15%; high recycle compression cost

🏗️ Project Overview

Revamp of Haber process loop for 15% yield improvement

🎯 Challenge

Thermodynamic equilibrium limiting single-pass conversion to ~15%; high recycle compression cost

🔧 Design Approach

Integrated quench-and-recycle with interstage cooling, advanced Ru-based catalyst, and dynamic pressure swing control

📐 Design Diagram

_eq = 0.148 X_eq ≈ 15% R = 4.2 Dynamic P-Swing